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Contributors

  • David Wilton

    David Wilton is a lawyer by training. He has a long-standing interest in issues of body integrity and HIV/AIDS. He maintains this site and blogs from San Francisco, California. His primary interests outside of nurturing a debate on the controversial measure of removing sexual tissue to reduce the spread of HIV are in the areas of international relations, languages, and journalism.
  • Adrienne Soti
    Adrienne Soti has provided research and monitoring of the media for Male Circumcision and HIV. A native of Hungary who came to the US in 1990, she lives with her husband and two small children in New Jersey. She has a B.A. in Psychology and Philosophy from Rutgers University. She lists biology and medicine among her many interests and is particularly interested in bio-ethical issues. The circumcision controversy came to her attention after the birth of her son in 2005.

Contact

  • Circumcisionandhiv.com
    PO Box 40312
    San Francisco, CA 94140
    wilt31@gmail.com
    [Please put CIRCUMCISIONANDHIV in the subject line.]

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Download studies as pdf files

<< Under Construction >>

This page is undergoing a reorganization. There are several reorg items that are beyond my ability. I want to make sure we have the citation form down correct for each item. Also, it would be nice if readers would kindly point out faulty chronology viz published papers and replies, etc.

Thanks in advance.

Please see this page [off-site] for a list of non-HIV related studies and a synopsis of each involving circumcision.

Social Science Highlights:

Talbott JR (2007) Size Matters: The Number of Prostitutes and the Global HIV/AIDS Pandemic [html]. PLoS ONE 2(6): e543. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0000543 Download Talbott_article.pdf

Aggleton, Peter (2007) Roundtable: "Just a Snip"?: A Social History of Male Circumcision. Reproductive Health Matters 2007;15(29):15-21. Download rhm29_aggleton.pdf

Haire, Bridget, AFAO. Cutting it fine: ethical issues in male circumcision. Poster Presentation, International AIDS Society 2007 Conference. Download CircumcisionIAS07.pdf

Darby, Robert and Svoboda, J. Steven (2007) A Rose by Any Other Name? Rethinking the Similarities and Differences between Male and Female Genital Cutting. MEDICAL ANTHROPOLOGY QUARTERLY, Vol. 21, Issue 3, pp. 301-323, ISSN 0745-5194, online ISSN 1548-1387. Download darby_mgm_fgm_maq_0907.pdf

Effects of Male Circumcision on Sexuality

DaiSik Kim, Myung-Geol Pang (2007), The effect of male circumcision on sexuality, BJU International 99 (3), 619–622. doi:10.1111/j.1464-410X.2006.06646.x, Abstract here, pdf not currently available.

Morris L. Sorrells, James L. Snyder, Mark D. Reiss, Christopher Eden, Marilyn F. Milos, Norma Wilcox, Robert S. Van Howe (2007) Fine-touch pressure thresholds in the adult penis, BJU International 99 (4), 864–869. doi:10.1111/j.1464-410X.2006.06685.x. Download sorrells_2007.pdf

Immunology Research

de Witte L, Nabatov A, Pion M, et al. Langerin is a natural barrier to HIV-1 transmission by Langerhans cells. Nat Med 2007;13:367-371. Download de_Witte_2007.pdf

HIV Prevention and Policy

What Works Best in HIV Prevention Globally? Prepared by Nancy Padian PhD, Womens Global Health Imperative, UCSF; Stefano Bertozzi, PhD; Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica, Mexico, January 2007. Fact Sheet #62E. Download InternationalFS.pdf

Talbott JR (2007) Size Matters: The Number of Prostitutes and the Global HIV/AIDS Pandemic [html]. PLoS ONE 2(6): e543. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0000543 Download Talbott_article.pdf (Cross-referenced under Male Circumcision and HIV, below.)

Vernazza, P., Hirschel, B., Bernasconi, E., have authored new public health guidelines for safer sex between serodiscordant couples. See this blog post for a summary. See HIV-infizierte Menschen ohne andere STD sind unter wirksamer antiretroviraler Therapie sexuell nicht infektiös Schweizerische Ärztezeitung | Bulletin des médecins suisses | Bollettino dei medici svizzeri | 2008;89: 5. Download article in German, French, and the English translation.

Male Circumcision and HIV [not in any particular order]

The three African RCTs, responses and commentary:

Randomized, Controlled Intervention Trial of Male Circumcision for Reduction of HIV Infection Risk: The ANRS 1265 Trial [html] Auvert B, Taljaard D, Lagarde E, Sobngwi-Tambekou J, Sitta R, et al. PLoS Medicine Vol. 2, No. 11, e298 doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0020298. Download Auvert [Orange Farm, South Africa]_study.pdf

Responses to the above article. 

Gray RH. Kigozi G, Serwadda D, et al. Male circumcision for HIV prevention in men in Rakai, Uganda: a randomised trial. Lancet 2007;369:557-66. Download Uganda_study.pdf

Bailey RC, Moses S, Parker CB, et al. Male circumcision for HIV prevention in young men in Kisumu, Kenya: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2007;369:643-56. Download Kenya_study.pdf

Male Circumcision and HIV Control in Africa [html] Garenne M PLoS Medicine Vol. 3, No. 1, e78 doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0030078. Download the_Garenne_reply.pdf

Sullivan PS et al. Male circumcision for prevention of HIV transmission: What the new data mean for HIV prevention in the United States [html]. 2007 PLoS Med 4(7): e223. Download SullivanPLoS article.pdf

Conseil national du SIDA. Report on Male Circumcision: An Arguable Method of Reducing the Risks of HIV Transmission [html]. Website. May 24, 2007. Download 07_05_24_rapport_circoncisions_eng.pdf

Australian Federation of AIDS Organisations. Male circumcision has no role in the Australian HIV epidemic [html]. AFAO Briefing Paper. July 23, 2007. Download Circumcision07.pdf

The Potential Impact of Male Circumcision on HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa [html] Williams BG, Lloyd-Smith JO, Gouws E, Hankins C, Getz WM, et al. PLoS Medicine Vol. 3, No. 7, e262 doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0030262. Download Auvert_impact_study.pdf

Responses to the above article.

Cohen, Norm. Science Fact or Science Fiction: Could Circumcision Really Prevent AIDS? NOCIRC of Michigan White Paper. August 18, 2007. Download AIDS.pdf

Non-Governmental Organization pamphlets viz HIV:

Cohen, Norm. Science Fact or Science Fiction: Could Circumcision Really Prevent AIDS? NOCIRC of Michigan Pamphlet. August 2007. Download AIDSPamphlet.pdf

Prepared by NOCIRC. Pamphlet 11: Answers to Your Questions about Circumcision and HIV/AIDS. National Organization of Circumcision Information Resource Centers. Spring 2007. Download 11-HIV.pdf

Brewer, D. D., Potterat, J. J., Roberts, J. M., Jr., & Brody, S. (2007). Male and female circumcision associated with prevalent HIV infection in virgins and adolescents in Kenya, Lesotho, and Tanzania. [Abstract] Annals of Epidemiology, 17: 217-226. Download Brewer_2007.pdf

Talbott JR (2007) Size Matters: The Number of Prostitutes and the Global HIV/AIDS Pandemic [html]. PLoS ONE 2(6): e543. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0000543 Download Talbott_article.pdf (Cross-referenced under HIV Prevention and Policy, above.)

Warner L et al. Male circumcision and risk of HIV infection among heterosexual men attending Baltimore STD clinics: An evaluation of clinic-based data [presentation] [html]. Society for Epidemiologic Research Meeting; 21–24 June 2006 ; Seattle, Washington, United States of America. Warner's email: dwarner@cdc.gov

Mor Z, Kent CK, Kohn RP, Klausner JD (2007) Declining Rates in Male Circumcision amidst Increasing Evidence of its Public Health Benefit. PLoS ONE 2(9): e861. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0000861 Download 2007-09-12_Mor-1.pdf [This article is significant in that it advocates circumcision while recognizing it has no value for American men in the highest risk group.]

Circumcision Status and HIV Infection Among Black and Latino Men Who Have Sex With Men in 3 US Cities [abtract]. JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes. 46(5):643-650, December 15, 2007. Millett, Gregorio A MPH *; Ding, Helen MD, MS, MSPH *; Lauby, Jennifer PhD +; Flores, Stephen PhD *; Stueve, Ann PhD ++; Bingham, Trista MPH, MS [S]; Carballo-Dieguez, Alex PhD [//]; Murrill, Chris PhD, MPH [P]; Liu, Kai-Lih PhD, MPH [P]; Wheeler, Darrell PhD, MPH #; Liau, Adrian PhD *; Marks, Gary PhD * [Conclusions: In these cross-sectional data, there was no evidence that being circumcised was protective against HIV infection among black MSM or Latino MSM.] Download millet_ga_20071215_j_acquir_immune_defic_synd.pdf (courtesy of Shane Peterson and Hugh Young)

Prepared by O'Donnell, Hugh, others. Observations on Sansom cost-effectiveness analysis of circumcision against HIV infection in males. Published on Male Circumcision and HIV. December 9, 2007. Download sansomobservationsrevised.pdf

Reproductive Health Matters 2007;15(29):33-44. Male Circumcision and HIV Prevention: Is There Really Enough of the Right Kind of Evidence? Dowsett, Gary W., Couch, Murray. Download dowsett_article.pdf

Stallings R.Y., Karugendo E. Female circumcision and HIV infection in Tanzania: for better or for worse? Abtract

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    The CDC has come out with a misleading and counterproductive white paper on circumcision and HIV. Please check out the The AAP/CDC Project page for names and addresses of people you should contact to press the issue. Follow this [link] to go directly to that page.
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Elsewhere on the Web

  • Circumcision and AIDS at MGMbill.org
    A decidedly anti-circumcision site with a calm approach to addressing the human rights issues likely to become problematic in the rush to roll out circumcision as an HIV prophylactic.
  • Circumcision and HIV at circumstitions.com
    One of the most thorough reviews anywhere of circumcision and the history behind the HIV prevention community's study of it. The science behind this prophylactic tool is much more equivocal than the most recent researchers would have you believe. New Zealand based.
  • Circumcision and HIV: Harm Outweighs Benefits from circumcision.org
    From the Circumcision Resource Center, Boston, Massachusetts. This human rights organization has published such books as Questioning Circumcision: A Jewish Perspective and Circumcision: The Hidden Trauma. Sitting on its board are a number of individuals affiliated with Harvard and other Ivy League institutions.
  • Circumcision and HIV infection from CIRP.org
    From the Circumcision Information Resource Pages. Not as up-to-date, but an excellent primer on the issue.
  • Doctors Opposing Circumcision statement on HIV
    Doctor's Opposing Circumcision is a Seattle based physicians group that provides education, information and advice on medical circumcision and its effects.
  • Statement on AIDS and Circumcision from the International Coalition for Genital Integrity
    Another thorough treatment of male circumcision's likely impact on the spread of HIV from an "alliance of organizations dedicated to protecting the normal anatomy of males, females and the intersexed ... [that] was formed to coalesce the many activist organizations, each with a specific focus, into one, common voice."
  • Does circumcision prevent HIV infection? - NORM-UK
    John Dalton puts together a critique of the African studies and their weaknesses. He examines the evidence, appropriateness, and possible outcomes from promoting circumcision and calling it a "prevention."

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Sources

  • HIV/AIDS Medscape [free registration required]
    This site is owned by WebMD.com. It is a great source for breaking news. I wouldn't necessarily trust it completely on the issue of circumcision as it is US-based. But the HIV/AIDS coverage is pretty good.
  • UCSF HIV InSite Gateway to HIV Information
    The University of California - San Francisco is a leading medical teaching and research university in the HIV/AIDS field. Generally very reliable, it occasionally oversells or misstates the prevention message, most obviously and unfortunately regarding circumcision.
  • IRIN PlusNews
    I don't like this source because it tends to be a bit sensationalist, in my opinion. But it is pretty good for divining which way the wind is blowing.
  • Aidsmap: Circumcision News
    An otherwise great source, they have recently begun to climb on the bandwagon. The tone of the reports seem reticent as evidenced by their providing some great quotes. Coincidence? Inadvertent? Maybe, but hope not.

Medscape HIV/AIDS Headlines