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  • Male Circumcision and HIV provides a place for a public health policy debate on the linking of male circumcision and HIV/AIDS. It seeks to address questions of cost versus benefit, the effectiveness of circumcision in the fight against HIV/AIDS in real world settings, and the differing points of view of researchers, the media, and all contributors to the policy discussion.

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  • David Wilton

    David Wilton is a lawyer by training. He has a long-standing interest in issues of body integrity and HIV/AIDS. He maintains this site and blogs from San Francisco, California. His primary interests outside of nurturing a debate on the controversial measure of removing sexual tissue to reduce the spread of HIV are in the areas of international relations, languages, and journalism.
  • Adrienne Soti
    Adrienne Soti has provided research and monitoring of the media for Male Circumcision and HIV. A native of Hungary who came to the US in 1990, she lives with her husband and two small children in New Jersey. She has a B.A. in Psychology and Philosophy from Rutgers University. She lists biology and medicine among her many interests and is particularly interested in bio-ethical issues. The circumcision controversy came to her attention after the birth of her son in 2005.

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« Results and Result-oriented Studies: Drugs Edition | Main | Picking up on SFAF's Statement on Circumcision and HIV »

Tuesday, January 22, 2008

Rwanda ignores data, buys into circumcision hysteria

The BBC is reporting that Rwanda will begin a mass circumcision campaign to include forced circumcision of minor children. No stranger to drives beginning with "mass", Rwanda's HIV infection rate is higher among the currently circumcised than it is among the intact according to the 2005 Demographic and Health Survey [pdf].  [Original location of pdf.] The HIV/AIDS rate has fallen from 11% of the adult population in 2000 to 3% in 2007 using conventional HIV reduction strategies. A realistic view is that circumcision in Rwanda will likely have no impact on the HIV/AIDS situation or set it back due to disinhibition.

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Comments

Dave,

I hate to say it, but I predicted this a number of months ago. Yes, the men in the army will consider it an order. Also, when did voluntary, informed circs among adult men morph into cutting newborns? Ask Daniel Halperin. I'm sure he has an inkling...

Not surprised. The facts about this issue have continually been ignored. I hope Halperin and co. are happy.

This is such a stupid strategy.

Only one thing can happen: there will be even MORE circumcised men with HIV.

It really doesn't take a rocket scientist to figure it out.

Less intact men with HIV can only mean MORE CIRCUMCISED MEN with HIV.

That circ/HIV number will only get bigger as the intact/HIV number shrinks...

Duhhhh....huh-huhhh....

:-P~

Your comment, "No stranger to drives beginning with 'mass'" was completely uncalled for and in poor taste. Rwanda has made remarkable progress since the genocide and to make a snide comment like that is inappropriate. Please save the history editorial for another blog and concentrate on the issue at hand.

I disagree.

I think this comment was completely appropriate.

It wasn't a "snide comment" in the least, but an allusion to the fact that the people of Rwanda keep getting figuratively gang-raped, and taken advantage of.

This call for mass-circumcision is just going to be one more way in which the people are going to get screwed, being conned into undergoing a worthless procedure that has already been shown to be ineffective in that country.

History is important Mr. D, as those who forget it are doomed to repeat it.
It is a disservice to ask people to be silent about it. People can't learn from the past if they try and pretend it never actually happened.

D,

To the extent the reference distracts from the issue, I agree. I was clumsily trying to draw attention to the fact that Rwanda is the same country that experienced the genocide and is now proposing this action. Perhaps a secondary point was that the country has been given over to extremes. It was not to judge (as opposed to disagree with) that country or its people.

David

Another point of interest from that survey is that the HIV rate is 11% among Muslim women compared to 2.5-3.9% among Christian women. One imagines they don't have sex much outside their own religion, and few of the Christian men are circumcised. That may be an artifact, because there were only 102 Muslim women in the sample, but it certainly doesn't suggest that circumcision is going to protect women. There are so many unanswered questions about the transmission of HIV in Africa, that make circumcision campaigns grotesquely inappropriate.

[deleted for abuse]

You mean the statement that "circumcision prevents HIV" ISN'T misleading?

Perhaps the numbers in this study are too small.

Want to try addressing why it is America has an HIV epidemic GREATER than industrialized countries that DO NOT circumcise?

In the mean time, sorry, but circumcision does not prevent HIV. It goes without saying that circumcised men contract HIV and die of AIDS every day. (At least 40% of them, if certain studies are correct...) There is nothing that you can post or cut-and-paste that can refute this.

A mass-circumcision program is a waste of money that could be better spent on education in safer sex practices, and the distribution and instruction in the use of condoms. Not to mention that forcing an elective surgery on non-concenting individuals is a human rights violation.

Individuals pushing for mass-circumcision policies don't seem too interested in actual HIV prevention, but rather, in the propagation of a worthless cosmetic procedure.

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Elsewhere on the Web

  • Circumcision and AIDS at MGMbill.org
    A decidedly anti-circumcision site with a calm approach to addressing the human rights issues likely to become problematic in the rush to roll out circumcision as an HIV prophylactic.
  • Circumcision and HIV at circumstitions.com
    One of the most thorough reviews anywhere of circumcision and the history behind the HIV prevention community's study of it. The science behind this prophylactic tool is much more equivocal than the most recent researchers would have you believe. New Zealand based.
  • Circumcision and HIV: Harm Outweighs Benefits from circumcision.org
    From the Circumcision Resource Center, Boston, Massachusetts. This human rights organization has published such books as Questioning Circumcision: A Jewish Perspective and Circumcision: The Hidden Trauma. Sitting on its board are a number of individuals affiliated with Harvard and other Ivy League institutions.
  • Circumcision and HIV infection from CIRP.org
    From the Circumcision Information Resource Pages. Not as up-to-date, but an excellent primer on the issue.
  • Doctors Opposing Circumcision statement on HIV
    Doctor's Opposing Circumcision is a Seattle based physicians group that provides education, information and advice on medical circumcision and its effects.
  • Statement on AIDS and Circumcision from the International Coalition for Genital Integrity
    Another thorough treatment of male circumcision's likely impact on the spread of HIV from an "alliance of organizations dedicated to protecting the normal anatomy of males, females and the intersexed ... [that] was formed to coalesce the many activist organizations, each with a specific focus, into one, common voice."
  • Does circumcision prevent HIV infection? - NORM-UK
    John Dalton puts together a critique of the African studies and their weaknesses. He examines the evidence, appropriateness, and possible outcomes from promoting circumcision and calling it a "prevention."

Sources

  • HIV/AIDS Medscape [free registration required]
    This site is owned by WebMD.com. It is a great source for breaking news. I wouldn't necessarily trust it completely on the issue of circumcision as it is US-based. But the HIV/AIDS coverage is pretty good.
  • UCSF HIV InSite Gateway to HIV Information
    The University of California - San Francisco is a leading medical teaching and research university in the HIV/AIDS field. Generally very reliable, it occasionally oversells or misstates the prevention message, most obviously and unfortunately regarding circumcision.
  • IRIN PlusNews
    I don't like this source because it tends to be a bit sensationalist, in my opinion. But it is pretty good for divining which way the wind is blowing.
  • Aidsmap: Circumcision News
    An otherwise great source, they have recently begun to climb on the bandwagon. The tone of the reports seem reticent as evidenced by their providing some great quotes. Coincidence? Inadvertent? Maybe, but hope not.

Medscape HIV/AIDS Headlines