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  • Male Circumcision and HIV provides a place for a public health policy debate on the linking of male circumcision and HIV/AIDS. It seeks to address questions of cost versus benefit, the effectiveness of circumcision in the fight against HIV/AIDS in real world settings, and the differing points of view of researchers, the media, and all contributors to the policy discussion.

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  • David Wilton

    David Wilton is a lawyer by training. He has a long-standing interest in issues of body integrity and HIV/AIDS. He maintains this site and blogs from San Francisco, California. His primary interests outside of nurturing a debate on the controversial measure of removing sexual tissue to reduce the spread of HIV are in the areas of international relations, languages, and journalism.
  • Adrienne Soti
    Adrienne Soti has provided research and monitoring of the media for Male Circumcision and HIV. A native of Hungary who came to the US in 1990, she lives with her husband and two small children in New Jersey. She has a B.A. in Psychology and Philosophy from Rutgers University. She lists biology and medicine among her many interests and is particularly interested in bio-ethical issues. The circumcision controversy came to her attention after the birth of her son in 2005.

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« Session on Ethics in Biomedical Prevention fails to address male circumcision | Main | San Francisco's AIDS Epidemic Becomes Endemic »

Friday, July 27, 2007

Method and timing of washing after intercourse matters in HIV prevention

In a headline that misplaces the emphasis in a recent study, Aidsmap appears to slowly be slipping into the circumcision hysteria. Aidsmap reports under the headline, Penile washing after sex not a substitute for circumcision, that the method of washing matters in preventing HIV after coitus.

Washing only, reported in 46.9% of interviews, was associated with an incidence of 2.20 per 100 patient years. Using a cloth and washing was used in 40.6% of cases and was associated with an incidence of 1.04 per 100 patient years. And using only a dry cloth, 12.4% of cases, was associated with the lowest incidence, 0.55 per 100 patient years (p = 0.0442).

Waiting to wash 10 minutes post-coitus was associated with an even lower rate of serconversion. "[Washing within three minutes of intercourse caused seroconversion to be] significantly higher than the incidence of 0.39 per 100 patient years among men who waited at least 10 minutes after sex before cleaning."

The article stated that washing is being explored in situations and places where circumcision is not acceptable.

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I'm glad to see researchers examining the role that hygiene may play in AIDS prevention, but as this report illustrates there is so much more to learn in this area. This report raises more questions than it answers. According to this survey, it appears that drying (not washing) the penis after sex is more effective than washing it. Washing it later than sooner also seems to be better. I wonder if using soap vs. plain water alone makes a difference. In learning about the care of intact genitals I've read that soap should not be used as it removes the natural bacterial flora and can irritate the area. Maybe this is not always the case, depending on the kind of soap used. Is it possible that washing with plain water AND drying thouroughly would prove to be the most effective? I wonder if we will see more research in this area.

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Elsewhere on the Web

  • Circumcision and AIDS at MGMbill.org
    A decidedly anti-circumcision site with a calm approach to addressing the human rights issues likely to become problematic in the rush to roll out circumcision as an HIV prophylactic.
  • Circumcision and HIV at circumstitions.com
    One of the most thorough reviews anywhere of circumcision and the history behind the HIV prevention community's study of it. The science behind this prophylactic tool is much more equivocal than the most recent researchers would have you believe. New Zealand based.
  • Circumcision and HIV: Harm Outweighs Benefits from circumcision.org
    From the Circumcision Resource Center, Boston, Massachusetts. This human rights organization has published such books as Questioning Circumcision: A Jewish Perspective and Circumcision: The Hidden Trauma. Sitting on its board are a number of individuals affiliated with Harvard and other Ivy League institutions.
  • Circumcision and HIV infection from CIRP.org
    From the Circumcision Information Resource Pages. Not as up-to-date, but an excellent primer on the issue.
  • Doctors Opposing Circumcision statement on HIV
    Doctor's Opposing Circumcision is a Seattle based physicians group that provides education, information and advice on medical circumcision and its effects.
  • Statement on AIDS and Circumcision from the International Coalition for Genital Integrity
    Another thorough treatment of male circumcision's likely impact on the spread of HIV from an "alliance of organizations dedicated to protecting the normal anatomy of males, females and the intersexed ... [that] was formed to coalesce the many activist organizations, each with a specific focus, into one, common voice."
  • Does circumcision prevent HIV infection? - NORM-UK
    John Dalton puts together a critique of the African studies and their weaknesses. He examines the evidence, appropriateness, and possible outcomes from promoting circumcision and calling it a "prevention."

Sources

  • HIV/AIDS Medscape [free registration required]
    This site is owned by WebMD.com. It is a great source for breaking news. I wouldn't necessarily trust it completely on the issue of circumcision as it is US-based. But the HIV/AIDS coverage is pretty good.
  • UCSF HIV InSite Gateway to HIV Information
    The University of California - San Francisco is a leading medical teaching and research university in the HIV/AIDS field. Generally very reliable, it occasionally oversells or misstates the prevention message, most obviously and unfortunately regarding circumcision.
  • IRIN PlusNews
    I don't like this source because it tends to be a bit sensationalist, in my opinion. But it is pretty good for divining which way the wind is blowing.
  • Aidsmap: Circumcision News
    An otherwise great source, they have recently begun to climb on the bandwagon. The tone of the reports seem reticent as evidenced by their providing some great quotes. Coincidence? Inadvertent? Maybe, but hope not.

Medscape HIV/AIDS Headlines